Design and Validation of a Model Identifying the Dimensions and Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Development, With an Emphasis on Green Nudges in the Social Security Health Management of Kurdistan Province

Abstract

This research aimed to construct and assess a model for the dimensions and factors impacting the advancement of corporate social responsibility, emphasizing green nudges. The study was descriptive-exploratory in its goals and used a mixed-methods design (sequential qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative section, a phenomenological method was adopted to study and interpret the views and experiences of specialists, to identify the dimensions and elements forming the research model. In the quantitative section, the designed model was examined and verified. The qualitative part included university experts and executives from the Social Security Healthcare Management Organization, who had in-depth familiarity with the subject matter. A purposive non-random sampling technique was employed to select participants, and theoretical saturation was reached after collecting the insights of 15 specialists. The quantitative population included senior officials, administrative heads, HR managers, deputies, supervisors, and analysts from the Social Security Healthcare Management Organization in Kurdistan Province, as well as personnel from Saqez and Sanandaj hospitals and operating clinics in other cities of the province. The sample count was established using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, and a stratified random sampling method was used. For collecting data, semi-structured interviews were utilized in the qualitative stage to determine the effective elements and variables of the research model, and in the quantitative stage, a researcher-designed questionnaire based on the qualitative findings was employed. Regarding data analysis approaches, phenomenology was used in the qualitative stage through a three-step coding system (open, axial, and selective), whereas in the quantitative section, the gathered data were assessed using SPSS and SMARTPLS software tools. Results from the qualitative section demonstrated that the model comprised six dimensions and 27 elements: focus on cultural enhancement needs (6 elements), focus on efficient use of organizational capacities (5 elements), focus on collaborative and interactive necessities (5 elements), focus on applying proven scientific and practical practices (5 elements), focus on strategy, planning, and policy-making needs (4 elements), and focus on governance and institutional bodies (3 elements). Quantitative results indicated that with t-values higher than 1.96 (at the 95% confidence level), all relationships among the study variables were verified, and the resulting values (being below 0.05) were statistically meaningful. Moreover, fit indicators—like the normalized fit index, root mean square residual standardized index, and the outer model's residual covariance matrix index—were within acceptable limits, thereby verifying the suitability of the model's fit.